capitalism

capitalism
kapitalizmas statusas T sritis Politika apibrėžtis Ekonominė sistema, pagrįsta privačia nuosavybe, laisvąja rinka ir samdomu darbu. Terminas kilęs iš žodžio „kapitalas“, kuris reiškia apibendrintą privačią nuosavybę, naudojamą ne asmeniniam vartojimui, bet investicijoms ir pelnui gauti, būtent gamybai prekių ir paslaugų, kurios skirtos parduoti rinkoje. Kapitalas apima ir pinigines lėšas, ir materialius daiktus – pastatus, įrenginius, žinias ir t. t. Kad kapitalas duotų pelno, jis dar turi būti susietas su darbu, t. y. su nuolatinėmis savininko pastangomis naudoti kapitalą pagal paskirtį, arba su samdomų darbuotojų darbu. Paprastai parsisamdo žmonės, neturintys kapitalo ir patys negalintys tapti darbdaviais. Kapitalistinė ekonomika suformuoja poliarizuotą visuomenę. Nedidelės mažumos rankose sutelkiamas kapitalas, o didžiuma yra laisvai samdomi darbuotojai. K. Marxas savo raštuose įrodinėjo, kad ši sistema pagrįsta samdomų darbininkų išnaudojimu. 20 a. Markso sekėjai pritaikė šią sistemą tarptautinių santykių sistemai, vaizduodami ją kaip pasaulinio kapitalizmo sistemą. atitikmenys: angl. capitalism ryšiai: susijęs terminasmarksizmas susijęs terminasmarksizmas

Politikos mokslų enciklopedinis žodynas. – Vilnius: Vilniaus universiteto leidykla. . 2007.

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Look at other dictionaries:

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  • capitalism — n. An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are owned and controlled mostly by private individuals and businesses for profit, thus what is produced and the quantities thereof are determined by consumer demand and… …   Law dictionary

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